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Patent No. 5788648 Electroencephalographic apparatus for exploring responses to quantified stimuli

 

Patent No. 5788648

Electroencephalographic apparatus for exploring responses to quantified stimuli (Nadel, Aug 4, 1988)

Abstract

An electroencephalographic apparatus for exploring a person's response to external stimuli, which includes electroencephalographic sensing apparatus for sensing brainwave signals from the person; stimulating apparatus for generating the stimuli; and processing apparatus having at least a first input operative for receiving the brainwave signals, at least a second input for monitoring the stimuli; the processing apparatus including computing apparatus operative for computing a correlation quotient of the brainwave signals and the stimuli.

Notes: 

Electroencephalographic apparatus for exploring responses to quantified stimuli. Filed March 1997, granted August 1998. Another example of monitoring specific response to stimulus and correlating them. Does mention ?other' types of sensing apparatus and 'other' means for applying stimuli. Mentions correlating different responses, using evoked potentials, to different forms of stimuli. Depending on the extent of data stored in the memory system, this would/could be how the attackers see and hear what the person under attack sees and hears. Would also apply to other sensory inputs. Mentions other impressions (brainwave signals in response to) magnetic, electric, temperature, etc. Also mentions real time electromagnetic transmissions of the data and mentions satellites.

 

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

A considerable amount of research has been undertaken in exploring the nature and significance of human brainwaves, as they can be studied by sensitive electronic sensing devices.

Encephalographic devices are described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,013,068, which relates to an encephalographic activated control system, U.S. Pat. No. 5,356,368, which describes methods and apparatus for entraining human brain patterns by means of frequency following response techniques. In this reference, in one embodiment, a plurality of electroencephalographic wave forms characteristic of a given state of consciousness, are combined to yield an electroencephalographic waveform to which subjects may be susceptible. U.S. Pat. No. 5,123,899 shows examples of different brainwaves.

From the prior art it is known that human brain wave signals can be resolved into so-called alpha-waves, beta-waves, delta-waves and so forth, and that each react differently in response to external stimuli, such as light, sounds, smells, tactile stimuli, etc.

Applicant, however, is unaware of earlier explorations directed to the object of correlating quantitatively any connection between external stimuli and the brainwave responses of a human brain. In this context the range of interest is especially directed to the domain of quantifying a relation between various phases of external stimuli and resulting brain waves, but not limited to responses to quantifiable stimuli that can be expressed and measured quantitatively.

The invention is by extension also directed to the domain of quantifying a so-called auto-correlation between various phases of application of external stimuli.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The invention is directed to the art of expanding the art of exploring and analyzing a person's responses to stimuli, i.e. stimulations applied in the form of quantifiable stimuli including, but not limited to, external stimuli in the form of any one of and combinations of oral, visual, tactile, acoustic and/or olfactory stimuli. In accordance with the invention, there is provided electroencephalographic apparatus for exploring a person's response to external stimuli, which includes electroencephalographic sensing apparatus for sensing brainwave signals from the person; stimulating apparatus for generating the stimuli; and processing apparatus having at least a first input operative for receiving the brainwave signals, at least a second input for monitoring the stimuli; the processing apparatus including computing apparatus operative for computing a correlation quotient of the brainwave signals and the stimuli.

According to a further feature of the invention the electroencephalographic sensing apparatus includes brainwave signal sensing apparatus coupled to the person's brain, and amplifying apparatus coupled to the brainwave signal sensing apparatus for amplifying and conditioning the brainwaves for entry to the processing apparatus.

According to another feature, the apparatus according to the invention includes stimulating apparatus having quantizing apparatus for quantizing the stimuli, wherein further the stimuli include at least one of visual, oral, tactile, acoustic and olfactory stimuli.

According to an additional feature, the quantizing apparatus includes a quantifier having an output coupled to the processing apparatus, wherein the processing apparatus includes a microprocessor, and a memory coupled to the processor for storing processing programs for the microprocessor.

Again, according to another feature a Fourier algorithm is stored in the memory for transforming the brainwave signal into a Fourier signal, wherein the Fourier algorithm can be a fast Fourier algorithm.

According to a still further feature, the apparatus according to the invention provides a correlation transform stored in the memory for generating a correlation coefficient between the brainwave signal and the stimuli.

The apparatus according to the invention may further include an encryption algorithm stored in the memory for encrypting the correlation coefficient.

In the inventive apparatus, the brainwave signal can be divided into phases including an early phase before receipt of the stimuli, and a later phase following the stimuli, and the correlation transform algorithm may be operative for generating an auto-correlation coefficient based on the correlation between the early and the later phases.

The invention may further include data transmission apparatus for transmitting the correlation factor to a receiving entity spaced apart from the processing apparatus, and a data base in the memory for storing computing data for the microprocessor.

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