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Patent No. 4585999 Radiofrequency amplifier based on a dc superconducting quantum interference device

 

Patent No. 4585999 

Radiofrequency amplifier based on a dc superconducting quantum interference device (Hilbert, et al., Apr 29, 1986)

Abstract

A low noise radiofrequency amplifier (10), using a dc SQUID (superconducting quantum interference device) as the input amplifying element. The dc SQUID (11) and an input coil (12) are maintained at superconductivity temperatures in a superconducting shield (13), with the input coil (12) inductively coupled to the superconducting ring (17) of the dc SQUID (11). A radiofrequency signal from outside the shield (13) is applied to the input coil (12), and an amplified radiofrequency signal is developed across the dc SQUID ring (17) and transmitted to exteriorly of the shield (13). A power gain of 19.5.+-.0.5 dB has been achieved with a noise temperature of 1.0.+-.0.4 K. at a frequency of 100 MHz.

Notes:

A radiofrequency amplifier as described herein would have particular use in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) imaging systems, wherein very low level radiofrequency signals are generated by resonating hydrogen nuclei in a tissue specimen. For hydrogen nuclei in a field of one tesla, the resonance frequency is 42.57 MHz. Since the intensity of the emitted signal is proportional to the number of resonant nuclei in the specimen, it is desirable that the detecting amplifier has as low a noise level as possible so that the signals from very small volumes of the specimen may be handled.

The foregoing description of a preferred embodiment has been presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise form described, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiment was chosen in order to explain most clearly the principles of the invention and its practical application thereby to enable others in the art to utilize most effectively the invention in various embodiments and with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. Although the amplifier has use in NMR imaging systems, it can be used in other applications wherein very low level radiofrequency signals must be detected. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the claims appended hereto.

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